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Compare Uganda (2003) - Saint Helena (2006)

Compare Uganda (2003) z Saint Helena (2006)

 Uganda (2003)Saint Helena (2006)
 UgandaSaint Helena
Administrative divisions 56 districts; Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Bugiri, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum, Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit, Nakasongola, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri, Sembabule, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure 0-14 years: 50.8% (male 6,528,724; female 6,486,736)


15-64 years: 46.8% (male 5,985,911; female 6,024,798)


65 years and over: 2.4% (male 266,930; female 339,695) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 18.8% (male 717/female 692)


15-64 years: 71.2% (male 2,751/female 2,593)


65 years and over: 10% (male 342/female 407) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry, cut flowers coffee, corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, lobster (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports 27 (2002) 1


note: Wideawake Field on Ascension Island (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 23


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 9


under 914 m: 7 (2002)
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Area total: 236,040 sq km


land: 199,710 sq km


water: 36,330 sq km
total: 413 sq km


land: Saint Helena Island 122 sq km; Ascension Island 90 sq km; Tristan da Cunha island group 201 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oregon slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Uganda achieved independence from the UK in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi AMIN (1971-79) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents; guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton OBOTE (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections. Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory consisting of Saint Helena and Ascension Islands, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha.


Saint Helena: Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. During the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, several thousand Boer prisoners were confined on the island between 1900 and 1903.


Ascension Island: This barren and uninhabited island was discovered and named by the Portuguese in 1503. The British garrisoned the island in 1815 to prevent a rescue of Napoleon from Saint Helena and it served as a provisioning station for the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron on anti-slavery patrol. The island remained under Admiralty control until 1922, when it became a dependency of Saint Helena. During World War II, the UK permitted the US to construct an airfield on Ascension in support of trans-Atlantic flights to Africa and anti-submarine operations in the South Atlantic. In the 1960s the island became an important space tracking station for the US. In 1982, Ascension was an essential staging area for British forces during the Falklands War, and it remains a critical refueling point in the air-bridge from the UK to the South Atlantic.


Tristan da Cunha: The island group consists of the islands of Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale, Inaccessible, and Gough. Tristan da Cunha is named after its Portuguese discoverer (1506); it was garrisoned by the British in 1816 to prevent any attempt to rescue Napoleon from Saint Helena. Gough and Inaccessible Islands have been designated World Heritage Sites. South Africa leases the site for a meteorological station on Gough Island.
Birth rate 46.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 12.13 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues: $959 million


expenditures: $1.04 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $11.2 million


expenditures: $11 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93)
Capital Kampala name: Jamestown


geographic coordinates: 15 56 S, 5 44 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds


Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid


Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) Saint Helena: 60 km


Ascension Island: NA


Tristan da Cunha: 40 km
Constitution 8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Uganda


conventional short form: Uganda
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena
Currency Ugandan shilling (UGX) -
Death rate 16.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 6.53 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $2.8 billion (2002 est.) $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Jimmy KOLKER


embassy: 1577 Ggaba Rd., Kampala


mailing address: P. O. Box 7007, Kampala


telephone: [256] (41) 234-142


FAX: [256] (41) 258-451
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Edith Grace SSEMPALA


chancery: 5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011


telephone: [1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416


FAX: [1] (202) 726-1727
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Tutsi, Hutu, and other ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda to gain control over populated areas and natural resources; government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts; conflict in Sudan has extended rebel forces and refugees into Uganda none
Economic aid - recipient $1.4 billion (2000) $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. During 1990-2001, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, reduced inflation, gradually improved domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. Ongoing Ugandan involvement in the war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, corruption within the government, and slippage in the government's determination to press reforms raise doubts about the continuation of strong growth. In 2000, Uganda qualified for enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief worth $1.3 billion and Paris Club debt relief worth $145 million. These amounts combined with the original HIPC debt relief added up to about $2 billion. Growth for 2001-02 was solid despite continued decline in the price of coffee, Uganda's principal export. Prospects for 2003 are mixed, with probable strengthening of coffee prices yet with halting growth in the economies of major export customers. The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption 1.62 billion kWh (2001) 4.65 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 174 million kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports 1 million kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production 1.928 billion kWh (2001) 5 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 0.9%


hydro: 99.1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m


highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m
Environment - current issues draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; poaching is widespread NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification
-
Ethnic groups Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European, Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8% African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates Ugandan shillings per US dollar - 1,797.55 (2002), 1,755.66 (2001), 1,644.48 (2000), 1,454.83 (1999), 1,240.31 (1998) Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001)


note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound
Executive branch chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 29 January 1986); Prime Minister Apollo NSIBAMBI (since 5 April 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators


elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 12 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); note - first popular election for president since independence in 1962 was held in 1996; prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 69.3%, Kizza BESIGYE 27.8%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, three ex-officio officers, and five elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports NA (2001) NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities coffee, fish and fish products, tea; gold, cotton, flowers, horticultural products fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners Belgium 16.2%, Netherlands 13.7%, Germany 7.5%, Spain 5.5%, Hong Kong 4.9%, US 4.6%, UK 4.3%, Italy 4.1%, Portugal 4.1% (2002) Tanzania 37.7%, US 17.4%, Japan 15.2%, UK 8.4%, Nigeria 4.8%, Spain 4.5% (2005)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP purchasing power parity - $30.49 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 43%


industry: 19%


services: 38% (2001 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5.5% (2002 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 1 00 N, 32 00 E Saint Helena: 15 57 S 5 42 W


Ascension Island: 7 57 S 14 22 W


Tristan da Cunha island group: 37 15 S 12 30 W
Geography - note landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa
Highways total: 27,000 km


paved: 1,809 km


unpaved: 25,191 km (1999 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 4%


highest 10%: 21% (2000)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA (2001) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners Kenya 45.3%, South Africa 6.8%, India 5.7%, UK 5.5% (2002) UK 53.5%, South Africa 14.3%, Spain 10.3%, Tanzania 8.5%, US 4.6% (2005)
Independence 9 October 1962 (from UK) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 6.3% (2002 est.) NA%
Industries sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, philatelic sales
Infant mortality rate total: 87.9 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 95.41 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 80.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 18.34 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.1% (2002 est.) 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ICFTU, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 90 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by the president) Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force 12 million (2001 est.) 2,486


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 82%, industry 5%, services 13% (1999 est.) agriculture: 6%


industry: 48%


services: 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,698 km


border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 25.34%


permanent crops: 8.77%


other: 65.89% (1998 est.)
arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (2005)
Languages English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic English
Legal system in 1995, the government restored the legal system to one based on English common law and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations British common law and statutes, supplemented by local statutes
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (303 members - 214 directly elected by popular vote, 81 nominated by legally established special interest groups [women 56, army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5], 8 ex officio members; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 26 June 2001 (next to be held May or June 2006);


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - election campaigning by party was not permitted
unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 31 August 2005 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 12
Life expectancy at birth total population: 44.88 years


male: 43.42 years


female: 46.38 years (2003 est.)
total population: 77.93 years


male: 75.02 years


female: 80.98 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 69.9%


male: 79.5%


female: 60.4% (2003 est.)
definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, west of Kenya islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 700 nm northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 2300 nm southwest of Saint Helena
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,091 GRT/8,229 DWT


ships by type: roll on/roll off 3


note: these ships are in cargo and passenger (ferry) service on Uganda's inland waterways (2002 est.)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Ugandan Peoples' Defense Force (including Army, Marine unit, Air Wing) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $124.7 million (FY02) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.1% (FY02) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 5,476,612 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 2,974,259 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 9 October (1962) Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: Ugandan(s)


adjective: Ugandan
noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian


note: referred to locally as "Saints"
Natural hazards NA active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961
Natural resources copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land fish, lobster
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: according to the UNHCR, by the end of 2001, Uganda was host to 178,815 refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including: Sudan 155,996, Rwanda 14,375, and Democratic Republic of the Congo 7,459 (2003 est.)
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders only one political organization, the Movement (formerly the NRM)[President MUSEVENI, chairman] is allowed to operate unfettered; note - the president maintains that the Movement is not a political party, but a mass organization, which claims the loyalty of all Ugandans


note: the constitution requires the suspension of political parties while the Movement organization is in governance; of the political parties that exist but are prohibited from sponsoring candidates, the most important are the Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Milton OBOTE]; Democratic Party or DP [Paul SSEMOGERERE]; Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]; Justice Forum [Muhammad Kibirige MAYANJA]; and National Democrats Forum [Chapaa KARUHANGA]
none
Political pressure groups and leaders NA none
Population 25,632,794


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
7,502


note: only Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are inhabited (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 35% (2001 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 2.96% (2003 est.) 0.56% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell -
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001) Saint Helena: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0


Ascension: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2005)
Railways total: 1,241 km


narrow gauge: 1,241 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)
-
Religions Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18% Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA years of age
Telephone system general assessment: seriously inadequate; two cellular systems have been introduced, but a sharp increase in the number of main lines is essential; e-mail and Internet services are available


domestic: intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations, fixed and mobile cellular systems for short-range traffic


international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog links to Kenya and Tanzania
general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic digital network


international: country code - 290; international direct dialing; satellite voice and data communications; satellite earth stations - 5 (Ascension Island - 4, Saint Helena - 1)
Telephones - main lines in use 50,074; however, 80,868 main lines have been installed (1998) 2,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 9,000 (1998) NA
Television broadcast stations 8 (plus one low-power repeater) (2001) 0


note: three television channels are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by UHF (2005)
Terrain mostly plateau with rim of mountains the islands of this group result from volcanic activity associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge


Saint Helena: rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


Ascension: surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; ground rises to the east


Tristan da Cunha: sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs
Total fertility rate 6.72 children born/woman (2003 est.) 1.55 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Transportation - note - there is no air connection to Saint Helena or Tristan da Cunha; an international airport for Saint Helena is in development for 2010
Unemployment rate NA% 14% (1998 est.)
Waterways Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward, Victoria Nile, Albert Nile -
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